WORD STRESS
I- Trọng âm thường không đổi so với từ gốc khi thêm tiền tố hay hậu tố
* Tiền tố :
- im  polite - impolite ; perfect- imperfect
-un  happy- unhappy; healthy- unhealthy
- in  expensive - inexpensive
- ir regular- irregular
- dis  honest- dishonest
+ Ngoại lệ :
underground
underpants : quần đùi
undergrowth
* Hậu tố
beauty- beautyful                      begin- beginning
hope- hopeful                       employ- employment
comfort - comfortable
II - Trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết ngay trước hậu tố khi hậu tố là :
- tion : application, situation, explatation
- sion : decision, conclusion, permission
- ical/ic : pacific, mathematical, political
+ Ngoại lệ : Arabic, Arithmatics (số học), politics
- ity : electricity, ability, reality, activity
- ial/ ially : artificial, official, commercical
- itive : competitive, sensitive
- logy : biology, ecology
graphy : geography, photography
try : poetry
III- Lưu ý
$1)$ Động từ kết thúc bằng "ate"
- Nếu động từ có $2$ âm tiết $\rightarrow  $ trọng âm rơi vào "ate"
relate, translate, dictate
- Nếu V có $3$ âm tiết trở lên $\rightarrow  $ trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ $3$ từ cuối trở lên :
investigate, communicate, educate, fortuncate
$2)$ Tính từ có đuôi "ative"
- Adj có $3$ âm tiết $\rightarrow  $ trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết đầu
relative, narrative
- Adj > $3$ âm tiết $\rightarrow  $ trọng âm giữ nguyên như từ gốc affirm $\rightarrow  $ affirmative imagine $\rightarrow  $ imaginative
$3)$ Những đuôi nhận trọng âm
- ee : degree, referee
- eer : engineer, mountaineer, pioneer
- ese : Vietnamese; Chinese
- aire : questionaire (hệ thống câu hỏi), millionaire
- ique : techique (liên quan đến kĩ thuật), antique (cổ xưa), critique
- esque : picturesque
- ain (với V) : remain, contain, maintain, obtain
* Ngoại lệ : commitee, coffee
IV - Trọng âm của từ : V & N có cùng cách viết (có $2$ âm tiết)
- N : trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết đầu
- V : trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết $2$
record (n) - record (v)
produce (n) - produce (v)
present (n) - present (v) : giới thiệu
progress (n) - progress (v) : đạt được
increase (n) - increase (v)
desert (n) - desert (v) từ bỏ
exporr (n) - export (v)
import (n) - import (v)
* Ngoại lệ : N, V cùng trọng âm
visit, advise, travel, promise, reply; picture
V- Trọng âm với từ ghép
$1)$ Danh từ ghép
N + N : trọng âm rơi vào từ $1$
airline, bathroom, schoolboy,  roommate, classmate.....
$2)$ Adj ghép :
N + adj $\rightarrow  $ trọng âm rơi vào từ đầu
Ving + adj $\rightarrow  $ trọng âm rơi vào từ đầu
lighting- fast : nhanh như ánh sáng
$3)$ Adj ghép dạng : Adj/ adv + $P_{II}\rightarrow  $ trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết chứa $P_{II}$
Bad- tempered, well- done, badly- educated
Old- fashioned, green- ieyed,........
+ Ngoại lệ : duty - free, snow- white
$4)$ Adv/ V ghép : trọng âm rơi vào phần thứ $2$ của từ
down- stream : đi xuống
head- first : đi đầu
over- flow : chảy quá mạnh
cool- off : làm cho bình tĩnh trở lại
warm- up : khởi động
see- off: tống tiền
Tóm tắt : Các trường hợp Đặc Biệt dùng Passive- voice
$1.$ They say he is clever
$\rightarrow  $ It is said that he í clever
$\rightarrow  $ He is said to be clever
$2.$ They say he was clever
$\rightarrow  $ He is said to have been clever
Tương tự : think, suppose, believe, report, rumour, consider, reveal
$3.$ I am having someone repair my car
$\rightarrow  $ I am having my car repaired
I get him to wash my car
$\rightarrow  $ I get my car washed
$4.$ People saw him pick up the gun
$\rightarrow  $ He was seen to pick up the gun
People saw him picking......
$\rightarrow  $ He was seen picking..........
Tương tự : hear, feel, watch make, help, catch
$5.$ Don't let people cheat you.
$\rightarrow  $ Don't let yourself be cheated
They let me go
$\rightarrow  $ I was allowed to go.
$6.$ He let people cheat him
$\rightarrow  $  He let himself be cheated
$7.$ I don't like people laughing at me
$\rightarrow  $ I don't like being laughed at
He likes people to call him "sir"
$\rightarrow  $ He likes to be called "sir"
Tương tự : dislike, enjoy, love, stop, begin, finish, hate.......
$8.$ It's your duty to obey them.
$\rightarrow  $ You are supposed to obey them
$9.$ It's impossible to do this
$\rightarrow  $ This can't be done
It's possible to do this
$\rightarrow  $ This can be done
$10.$ It's necessary to learn English
$\rightarrow  $ It's necessary for English to be learnt
Tương tự : với các adj khác
$11.$ Don't touch this swith
$\rightarrow  $ This swith musn't be touched
Do your homework before you go to school
$\rightarrow  $ Let your homework be done before......
$12.$ They suggested building more chools
$\rightarrow  $ They suggested that more shools should be built
Tương tự : recommend, propose, insirt
$13.$ I'd like someone to fry my eggs
$\rightarrow  $I'd like my eggs fried
$14.$ People say there is a park
$\rightarrow  $ There is said to be a park
$15.$ to be gone= to disappear
When I came back my car was gone

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