Mark the letter  $A, B, C$ or  $D$  on your answer sheet to indicate the world that differs from the rest in the position of the main in each of the following questions.
$1. A$. adventure   $B.$ financial    $C.$ apartment    $D.$ operate
$2. A.$ welcome    $B.$  freedom  $C.$  embrace   $D.$  backpack
$3. A.$  automatic   $B.$  appreciation  $C.$  information  $D.$  independent
$4. A.$ encounter  $B.$  convenient  $C.$  promotion   $D.$  attitude
$5. A$  mechanism  $B.$ minority   $C.$  eradicate   $D.$  alternative

Mark the letter  $A, B,  C$  or  $D$  on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose stress pattern is different from that of the others in each of the following questions.
$1.A.$ rhinoceros          $B.$ significant                 $C.$ phenomena            $D.$ correspondence
$2.A.$ criteria               $B.$ mechanize                 $C.$ industry                 $D.$ elephant
$3.A.$ peninsula          $B.$ professional               $C.$ curriculum             $D.$ auditorium
$4.A.$  entrepreneur        $B.$ managerial          $C.$ engineering             $D.$ medieval
$5. A.$ millennium            $B.$ opinion                 $C.$ personnel                 $D.$ pneumonia

      Carefully conducted $(1)$________  that have followed the children of working mothers have not been able to show any long-term problems, compared with children whose mothers stayed at home. My personal $(2)$________  is that mothers should be allowed to work if they wish. Wherther we like it or not, there are a number of mothers who just have to work. There are those who have invested such a big part of their lives in establishing a career that they cannot afford to see it lost. Then there many who must work out of pure economic $(3)$________ .Many mothers are not  $(4)$________  out to be full-time parents.
      After a few months at home with a much loved infant, they feel trapped and isolated.
     There are a number of options when it $(5)$________  to choosing childcare. These range from child minders and nannies throung to Granny or the kind lady $(6)$________ the street. $(7)$________ , however, many parents dont'n have any choice; they have to accept anything they can get. Be prepared! No matter how good the childcare may be, some children are going to  protest wildly if they are left. This is a $(8)$________  normal stage of child development. Babies separate well in the first six months, but soon after that they start to get crush on Mum and close family members. Make sure that in the first wwek you allow plenty of time to help your child settle in.
      All children are different. Some are independent, while others are more attached to their mothers.
      Remember that if you want to  $(9)$________ the best for your children, it's not the quantity of time you spend with them, it's the $(10)$________ that matters.

       Of course, books are no longer the only  $(6).........$ of stories and information. There is also a huge range of videos, which can  $(7)...........$ and extend the pleasure a child finds in a book are  $(8).........$ valuable in helping to increase vocabulary and concentration. Television gets a bad  $(9).........$ as far as children are concerned, mainly  $(10)..........$ too many spend too much time watching programmers not intended for their age group.
$1. A.$  insisting   $B.$ forcing    $C.$  making    $D.$  starting
$2. A.$  cheerful    $B.$  contented    $C.$  relaxed         $D.$  hopeful
$3. A.$  bright     $B.$  thrilling    $C.$  energetic    $D.$  stimulating
$4. A.$  material    $B.$  sense    $C.$  produce    $D.$  amusement
$5. A.$  provoke    $B.$  encourage    $C.$  provide    $D.$  attract
$6. A.$  source     $B.$ site        $C.$  style    $D.$  basis
$7. A.$  uphold    $B.$  found    $C.$  reinforce    $D.$  assist
$8. A.$  properly    $B.$  worthily    $C.$  perfectly    $D.$  equally
$9. A.$  review    $B.$  press     $C.$  criticism    $D.$  result
$10. A.$  because    $B.$  because of    $C.$  due to    $D.$  so that

Read the following passage and mark the letter  $A, B,  C$  or  $D$  on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to  each of the questions from  $1$ to  $10.$
Line    Before the mid-nineteenth century, people in the United States ate most foods only in season. Drying, smoking, and salting could preserve meat for a short time, but the availability of fresh meat, like that of fresh milk, was very limited; there was no way to prevent spoilage. But in  $1810$ a French inventor named Nicolas Appert developed the cooking-and-sealing process of canning. And in
$5$    $1850's$  an American named Gail Borden developed a means of condensing and preserving milk. Canned goods and condensed milk became more common during  $1860's$, but supplies remained low because cans had to made by hand. By  $1880$, however, inventors had fashioned stamping and soldering machines that mass-produced cans from tinplate. Suddenly all kinds of food could be preserved and bought at all times of the year.
$10$   Other trends and inventions had also helped make it possible for Americans to vary their daily diets. Growing urban populations created demand that encouraged fruit and vegetable farmers to raise more produce. Railroad refrigerator cars enable growrs and meat packers to ship perishables great distances and to preserve them for longer periods. Thus, by the  $1890's$, northern city dwellers could enjoy southern and western strawberries, grapes, and tomatoes,
$15$   previous available for a month at most, for up to six months of the year. In addition, increased use of iceboxes enable families to store perishables. An easy means of producing ice commercially had been invented in the  $1870's$, and by  $1900$  the nation had more than two thousand commercial ice plants, most of which made home deliveries. The icebox became a fixture in most homes and remained so until the mechanized refrigerator replaced it in the  $1920's$  and  $1930's$.
$20$  Almost everyone now had a more diversified diet. Some people continuted to eat mainly foods that were heavy in starches or carbohydrates, and not everyone could afford meat. Nevertheless, many families could take advantage of previously unavailable fruits, vegetables, and dairy products to achieve more varied fare.

Read the following passage and mark the letter  $A, B,  C$  or  $D$  on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks from  $1$ to  $10.$
     The development of writing $(1)$________ a huge difference to the word and we might see it as the beginning of the  $(2)$________ . Pieces of pottery with marks on that are probably numbers have been discovered in China that date from around  $4000$  BC. Hieroglyphics and other forms of picture writing developed in the  $(3)$________ around Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq)  where the ancient Sumerian civilization was based, from around  $3300$  BC onwards. However, the first $(4)$________ alphabet was used by the Phoenicians around  $1050$  BC. Their alphabet had  $22$  letters and it is estimated that it lasted for  $1000$ years. The first two signs were called "aleph"  and "beta"  which in Greek became "alpha"  and "Beth", which gave us the  $(5)$________ word "alphabet".
    The modern European alphabet is based on the Greek and  $(6)$________ to other European countries un der the Romans. A number of changes took place as time passed. The Romans added the letter G, and the letter J and V were $(7)$________ to people in Shakespeare's time.
If we $(8)$________ the history of punctuation, we also find some interesting facts. The Romans used to write quest at the end of  a sentence in $(9)$________ to show that it was a question. They started to write Qo in  $(10)$________ in $(10)$________ of the whole word, and then put the Q above o, in the end, that became the question mark "?".

$1.A.$ did                  $B.$ had                 $C.$ made                      $D.$ took
$2.A.$ media            $B.$ bulletin          $C.$ progamme             $D.$ journalism
$3.A.$ distance        $B.$ area               $C.$ length                      $D.$ earth
$4.A.$ true               $B.$ accurate          $C.$ exact                      $D.$ precise
$5.A.$ new                $B.$ trendy             $C.$ modern                 $D.$ fashionable
$6.A.$ spread          $B.$ appeared        $C.$ was                         $D.$ occurred
$7.A.$ infamous      $B.$ unpopular       $C.$ unknown              $D.$ hidden
$8.A.$ look into       $B.$ bring on          $C.$ make off                $D.$ hold up
$9.A.$ turn               $B.$ fact                    $C.$ order                   $D.$ intention
$10.A.$ position    $B.$ space                $C.$ spot                       $D.$ place

       Even a muddy pond contributes to the ecosystem that affects the environment. A vernal or springtime pool is only a few deep and lasts only from March until mid-summer but yields a considerable number of diverse life forms. Like all of nature, there are predators and victims, and a particular living being may be one or the other, depending on its age and characteristics. One may  find masses of spotted salamander eggs floating just under surface of the pond, left behind by adults who entered the pond early in the season before predators arrived. Other amphibians and reptiles return to the recurrent pond year after year to reproduce, as their ancestors have done for years.
         Various forms of algae grow well in the murky water if there is sufficient sunlight. They in turn produce and transit owygen to the salamander embryos and other young that are not yet able to survive outside of water. Diving beetles feast on eggs and larvae deposited in the pond by the salamanders and other amphibians that have called it home. Tadpoles are born in the late spring and feed on the algae. The pond also invites wood frogs staking their territory and courting potential mates, calling as loud as quacking ducks.
By the end of the short season, the pond dries to spongy mud and then dries further, becomingcovered with leaves and debris, until the following spring when the process repeats itself.

$1.$ What is the author's purpose stated in the first sentence: Even a muddy pond contributes to the ecosystem that affects the environment?
$A.$ To explain that a vernal pool is very muddy.
$B.$ To describe how the vernal pool fits into the larger environment picture.
$C.$ To explain that mud is important to the environment.
$D.$ To show how algae grows.

$2.$ The word yields in the third sentence means most nearly the same as
$A.$ produces       $B.$ contributes to       $C.$ kills       $D.$ harms

$3.$ The word diverse in the third sentence means most nearly the same as
$A.$ distinct       $B.$ living       $C.$ numerous       $D.$ primitive

$4.$ The word its in the fifth sentence refers to
$A.$ predator       $B.$ pond       $C.$ living being       $D.$ nature

$5.$ Which sentence in the first paragraph indicates that a young life form might be prey to an older life form?
$A.$ A vernal or springtime pool is only a few deep and lasts only from March until mid-summer but yields a considerable number of diverse life forms.
$B.$ Like all of nature, there are predators and victims, and a particular living being may be one or the other, depending on its age and characteristic.
$C.$ One may find masses of spotted salamander eggs floating just under the surface of the pond, left behind by adults who entered the pond early in the season before predators arrived.
$D.$ Other amphibians and reptiles return to the recurrent pond year after year to reproduce, as their ancestors have done for years.

$6.$ Which sentence in the first paragraph indicates that life forms continute to act in the same way as the same life forms did previously?
$A.$ A vernal or springtime pool is only a few deep and lasts only from March until mid-summer but yields a considerable number of diverse life forms.
$B.$ Like all of nature, there are predators and victims, and a particular living being may be one or the other, depending on its age and characteristic.
$C.$ One may find masses of spotted salamander eggs floating just under the surface of the pond, left behind by adults who entered the pond early in the season before predators arrived.
$D.$ Other amphibians and reptiles return to the recurrent pond year after year to reproduce, as their ancestors have done for years.

$7.$ The word murky in the first sentence of the second paragraph means most nearly the same as
$A.$ clearly       $B.$ cloudy       $C.$ cold       $D.$ life-producing

$8.$ The word they in the second sentence of paragraph two refers to
$A.$ salamander embryos.        $C.$ forms of algae.
$B.$ young            $D.$ sunlight

$9.$ Which of the following does the author imply in the first two sentence of paragraph two?
$A.$ The life forms in the pool live in water their entire lives.
$B.$ Some of the life forms live in water first and later on land.
$C.$ The life forms found in the pool do not require oxygen to live.
$D.$ Algae is strictly a food source.

$10.$ The word recurrent in the last sentence of paragraph one means most nearly the same as
$A.$ moving       $B.$ recurring       $C.$ stagnant       $D.$ warm

Mark the letter  $A,  B,  C$  or  $D$  on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that need correction.
$1$. By the time of the dinosaurs, turtles have already developed the hard shell into which their heads and legs could be drawn.
$A.$  time of          $B.$ have          $C.$ into which           $D.$ drawn

$2$. The closer it gets to December  $21$, the first day of winter, the short the days become.
$A.$ the closer         $B.$  of winter         $C.$  short         $D.$ become

$3$. W. Somerset Maugham's best - known novel, Of Human Bodage, is a partially fictionalized account of a unhappy youth.
$A.$ best - known        $B.$ partially         $C.$ of a         $D.$ youth

$4$. There are more than eight-four milion specimens in the National Museum of Natural History's collection of biological, geological, anthropology treasures.
$A.$ specimens  $B.$  collection  $C.$  anthropology  $D.$  treasures

$5$. up to World War II almost all important research in physics had made in universities, with only university funds for support.
$A.$ almost all    $B.$  research   $C.$ made  $D.$  for support

Mark the letter $A,  B,  C$  or  $D$  on your answer sheet to show the underline part that needs corrections.
$1.$ He didn't know who it was and couldn't imagine why they did it, but there must have been somebody that started the rumour which he was from to London and very wealthy.
$A.$ who       $B.$ why       $C.$ that       $D.$ which

$2.$ Martin told me that he wanted to remind that what was important was not the cost, but how well the job was done.
$A.$ told me that        $C.$ what was important
$C.$ remind that        $D.$ how well the job was done

$3.$ If I were late, they usually made me stay after school and I had to do extra homework.
$A.$ were       $B.$ made       $C.$ stay       $D.$ had

$4.$ I'm not the kind of person who goes around thinking if only I have done this or that. I just feel lucky.
$A.$ goes       $B.$ thinking       $C.$ have       $D.$ feel

$5.$ The tour of the palace included a visit to the old kitchen where they were baking bread and the huge underground wine cellar which was containing thousands of bottles and felt like a prison.
$A.$ included       $B.$ were baking       $C.$ was containing       $D.$ felt

Mark the letter  $A,  B,  C$  or  $D$  on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to the sentence in italics.
$1.$ Had she read the reference books, she would have been able to finish the test.
$A.$ If she had read the reference books, she could finish the test.
$B.$ Not having read the reference books, she couldn't finish the test.
$C.$ Although she didn't read the reference books, she was able to finish the test.
$D.$ Because she read the reference books, she was able to finish the test.

$2.$ My sister will have lived in London for ten years by next Christmas.
$A.$ My sister is living in London now.
$B.$ My sister will live in London for ten years from next Christmas.
$C.$ My sister has lived in London for ten years.
$D.$ My sister will live in LOndon for another ten years from next Christmas.

$3.$ There was no need for the girls to make such a big cake.
$A.$ It was not necessary for the girls making such a big cake.
$B.$ The girls didn't need make such a big cake.
$C.$ The girls needn't make so big a cake.
$D.$ The girls needn't have made so big a cake.

$4.$ Do you know what his job is?
$A.$ Do you know what does he do?
$B.$ Do you know what is his job?
$C.$ Do you know what he earns his living?
$D.$ Do you know what  he does?

$5.$ The burglar was caught red-handed by the police when he broke into the flat.
$A.$ The police caught the burglar breaking into the flat.
$B.$ The police caught the burglar to break into the flat.
$C.$ The police caught the burglar when breaking into the flat.
$D.$ When the burglar had broken into the flat, the police caught him at once.