Mệnh đề qun hệ rút gọn.

Question

Mọi người có thể cho em xin kiến thức về mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn không ạ, em cảm ơn.

nhungtt0312 · Answer 1 · 3/24/2013 1:00:43 PM

bài tập vận dụng
1. Dalat, which is best known for foreign travellers, has pleasant weather.
2) Animals that are born in a zoo generally adjust to captivity better than those that are captured in the wild.
3) Few tourists ever see a jaguar, which is a spotted wild cat that is native to tropical America.
4) She is the only woman who was appointed to the board.
5) The floor is dusty but I haven't got a brush which I can sweep it with.
6) A person who serves in a shop is called a shop assistant
7) John, who is my friend, has studied English for ten years.
8) There are many exercises that we have to finish before school.
9) The mistakes which you have to correct are very important.
10) We have a few exercises that we have to do.

Đáp án:
1. Dalat, best known for foreign travellers, has pleasant weather.
2.Animals born in a zoo generally adjust to captivity better than those captured in the wild
3. Few tourists ever see a jaguar, a spotted wild cat to be native to tropical America
4. She is the only woman to be appointed to the board.
5. The floor is dusty but i haven’t got a brush to sweep with it.
6. A person to serve in a shop is called a shop assistant.
7. John, my friend, has studied English for ten years.
8. There are many exercises for us to finish before school.
9. The mistakes to be correct are very important
10. We have a few exercises to do.

nhungtt0312 · Answer 2 · 3/24/2013 12:38:11 PM

- Hiện tại phân từ (present participle)
- Quá khứ phân từ (past participle)
I- Hiện tại phân từ
A- Dùng để nối câu có cùng chủ ngữ
Ex: He run out of the room and slammed the door behind.
$\rightarrow $ He run out of the room, slamming the door behind.
They open the door and brought the chairs in.
$\rightarrow $ Opening the door, they brought the chairs in.
1. Nối 2 câu trở lên có cùng S, một trong hai là hành động phụ hoặc là nguyên nhân của hành động kia
Ex: He hadn't any money and friends in the city, he decided to overnight beside the hotel.
$\rightarrow $ Not having any money and friends, he decided to overnight beside the hotel.
2. Thay mệnh đề với since, as, because, bằng as + V-ing
Ex: Since he didn't know her address, he couldn't write to her.
$\rightarrow $ As not knowing her address, he couldn't write to her.
Chú ý: Hiện tại phân từ có thể dùng ở dạng hoàn thành khi nhấn mạnh hành động này hoàn thành rồi mới đến hành động kia.
Ex: He had eaten breakfast then he rushed out to school.
$\rightarrow $ Having eaten breakfast, he rushed out to school.
B- V-ing nối câu có cùng đại từ quan hệ (Rút gọn mệnh đề)
Thay mệnh đề quan hệ $\rightarrow $ V-ing khi
+ who, which, that là chủ ngữ
+ động từ trong mệnh đề ở dạng chủ động
Ex: The boy who is sitting next to me is very handsome.
$\rightarrow $ The boy sitting next to me is very handsome.
I was woken up by the sunlight which come through the window of my room.
$\rightarrow $ I was woken up by the sunlight coming thought the window of my room.
C- Hiện tại phân từ dùng như một Adj
V-ing + N
sleeping child          sleeping bag
running water          sice exporting country
dsinking water
dancing girl

II- Past participle $(P_{II})$
1. Dùng như một adj bị động
stolen money     wounded people
broken heart      punished child
2. Dùng để nối hai câu trở lên cùng S (1 trong 2 câu ở dạng bị động)
Ex: Tom was punished by the teacher so he felt very sad.
$\rightarrow $ Punished by the teacher, Tom felt very sad.
He was exhausted by the work, he threw himself on the bed.
$\rightarrow $ Exhausted by the work, he threw himself on the bed.
3. Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ
- Đại từ quan hệ: who, which, that, that, là chủ ngữ của mệnh đề quan hệ
- Động từ ở dạng bị động
$\rightarrow $ Thay đại từ quan hệ + động từ bị động $\rightarrow P_{II}$
Ex: The girl who was accompanied by her mother greeted the gueste.
$\rightarrow $ The girl accomepanied by her mother greeted the gueste.
The boy who was given a schoolar ship was my son.
$\rightarrow $ The boy given a schoolar ship was my son.
Having + been $P_{II}$
Ex: He had been bitten by a dog twice, he didn't dare to come to her house.
$\rightarrow $ Having been bitten by a dog twice, he didn't dare to come to her house.

chị đã gửi cho em đầy đủ kến thức của mệnh đề quan hệ và mệnh ề quan hệ dạng rút gọn. chúc em học tốt. để tham khảo thêm các chuyên đề kiến thức của đề thi đại học em có thể vào thư viện phần chuyên đề nhé!chị sẽ gửi cho em link bài tập có đáp án nhé!