Giải phương trình : $log_{\frac{1}{3}}(sin\frac{x}{2}+cos2x)+log_{3}(sin\frac{x}{2}-sinx)=0       (1)$
Điều kiện:
$\left\{ \begin{array}{l}\sin \frac{x}{2}+\cos 2x > 0\\\sin \frac{x}{2} - {\mathop{\rm s}\nolimits} {\rm{inx}} > 0\end{array} \right.$
Ta có:
$
\left( 1 \right) \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}
\sin \frac{x}{2} - {\mathop{\rm s}\nolimits} {\rm{inx}} > 0\\
\sin \frac{x}{2} + \cos 2x = \sin \frac{x}{2} - {\mathop{\rm s}\nolimits} {\rm{inx}} & \left( 2 \right)
\end{array} \right.
$
       $ \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{array}{l}
\sin \frac{x}{2} - {\mathop{\rm s}\nolimits} {\rm{inx}} > 0\\
\sin \frac{x}{2} + \cos 2x = \sin \frac{x}{2} - {\mathop{\rm s}\nolimits} {\rm{inx}} & \left( 2 \right)
\end{array} \right.$
$
\left( 2 \right) \Leftrightarrow \cos 2x =  - {\mathop{\rm s}\nolimits} {\rm{inx}} $$\Leftrightarrow 2{\sin ^2}x - {\mathop{\rm s}\nolimits} {\rm{inx}} - 1 = 0$
$  \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}
{\mathop{\rm s}\nolimits} {\rm{inx}} = 1\\
{\mathop{\rm s}\nolimits} {\rm{inx}} =  - \frac{1}{2}
\end{array} \right.$$ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}
x = \frac{\pi }{2} + k2\pi \\
x =  - \frac{\pi }{6} + h2\pi \\
x = \frac{{7\pi }}{6} + l2\pi
\end{array} \right. \left( {l,h,k \in Z} \right)
$

Xét điều kiện : $\sin \frac{x}{2} - {\mathop{\rm s}\nolimits} {\rm{inx}} > 0\,\,\,\left( 3
\right)$. Ta có:
•    Với $\sin x=1 \Leftrightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi$
$\sin \frac{x}{2} - {\mathop{\rm s}\nolimits} {\rm{inx}} = \sin \left( {\frac{\pi }{4} + k\pi }
\right) - 1 \le 0$
Bất đẳng thức ($3)$ không thỏa mãn.
•    Với $x =  - \frac{\pi }{6} + h2\pi $. Ta có: $\sin \frac{x}{2} - {\mathop{\rm
s}\nolimits} {\rm{inx}} = {\mathop{\rm s}\nolimits} {\rm{in}}\left( { - \frac{\pi }{{12}} + h\pi }
\right) + \frac{1}{2} > 0$
$\left(Do {{\rm{}}\ {\rm{ }}\frac{1}{2} = \sin \frac{\pi }{6} >  - {\mathop{\rm s}\nolimits}
{\rm{in}}\left( { - \frac{\pi }{{12}} + h\pi } \right)} \right)$.  Như vậy, $(3)$ thỏa mãn.
•    Với $x = \frac{{7\pi }}{6} + l2\pi $:
$\sin \frac{x}{2} - {\mathop{\rm s}\nolimits} {\rm{inx}} = {\mathop{\rm s}\nolimits}

{\rm{in}}\left( {\frac{{7\pi }}{{12}} + l\pi } \right) + \frac{1}{2}$.
Ta có: $\frac{1}{2} = \sin \frac{\pi }{6} >  - {\mathop{\rm s}\nolimits} {\rm{in}}\left(

{\frac{{7\pi }}{{12}} + l\pi } \right)$.
Nếu $l$ chẵn và $\frac{1}{2} = \sin \frac{\pi }{6} <  - {\mathop{\rm s}\nolimits} {\rm{in}}\left(

{\frac{{7\pi }}{{12}} + l\pi } \right)$.
Nếu $l$ lẻ, suy ra với $l = 2n,\,n \in Z$ thì $(3)$ thỏa mãn.
Kết luận : phương trình (1) có nghiệm là  $\left[ \begin{array}{l}
x =  - \frac{\pi }{6} + h2\pi \\
x = \frac{{7\pi }}{6} + l2\pi
\end{array} \right.$( trong đó $k,\,n \in Z$)

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