1. Chứng minh rằng $\Delta DEF$ cân tại đình $F$ nếu:$\frac{\cos^2D+\cos^2E}{\sin^2D+\sin^2E}=\frac{1}{2}(\cot^2D+\cot^2E)$

2. Chứng minh $\Delta KLM$ đều nếu : $\frac{k\cos K+l\cos L+m\cos M}{k\sin L+l\sin M+m\sin K} =\frac{2p}{9R}$
1. Hệ thức đã cho có thể viết :
$$\frac{\cos^2 D+\cos^2 E}{\sin^2D+\sin^2E}-\frac{\cos^2D}{\sin^2D}=\frac{\cos^2E}{\sin^2E}-\frac{\cos^2 D+\cos^2 E}{\sin^2D+\sin^2E}$$
hay $\frac{\sin^2D\cos^2E-\sin^2E\cos^2D}{\sin^2D}=\frac{\sin^2D\cos^2E-\sin^2E\cos^2D}{\sin^2E}$

Tức là $\sin(D+E)\sin(D-E)(\sin^2D-\sin^2E)=0$
Từ đó có: $\sin(D-E)=0$ vì $\sin(D+E)\neq 0$ hoặc $\sin D=\sin E$
Suy ra $\widehat{D}=\widehat{E}$, tức là $\Delta DEF$ cân đỉnh F

2. Ta có thể viết:
$$k\cos K+l\cos L+m\cos M=R(\sin2K+\sin2L+\sin2M)=4R\sin K\sin L\sin M$$
$k\sin L+l\sin M+m\sin K=2R(\sin L\sin L+\sin L\sin M+\sin M\sin K)$
                                                      $\geq 2R3\sqrt[3]{\sin^2K\sin^2L\sin^2M}$
Từ đó: vế trái $\leq \frac{2\sin K\sin L\sin M}{3\sqrt[3]{\sin^2K\sin^2L\sin^2M}}=\frac{2}{3}\sqrt[3]{\sin K\sin L\sin M}$
               vế phải $=\frac{2R(\sin K+\sin L+\sin M}{9R}\geq \frac{2}{3}\sqrt[3]{\sin K\sin L\sin M}$
Như vậy vế phải $\geq $ vế trái. Do đó hệ thức đã cho tương đương với $\sin K=\sin L=\sin M$ suy ra $\widehat{K}=\widehat{L}=\widehat{M}$, tức là tam giác KLM là tam giác đều

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