Chứng minh rằng: Nếu tam giác $ABC$ thỏa mãn $1$ trong các điều kiện sau thi là tam giác cân
$1/$ ${a^2}\sin 2B + {b^2}\sin 2A = {c^2}\cot \frac{C}{2}$
$2/$ $\frac{{1 + \cos B}}{{\sin B}} = \frac{{2a + c}}{{\sqrt {4{a^2} - {c^2}} }}$
$3/$ $\frac{\cos ^2A + \cos^2B}{\sin^2A + \sin ^2B} = \frac{1}{2}(\cot {^2}A + \cot {^2}B)$
$4/$ $\tan A + 2\tan B = \tan A\tan^2B$
$1/$ ${a^2}\sin 2B + {b^2}\sin 2A = {c^2}\cot g\frac{C}{2}$
$\begin{array}{l}
 \Leftrightarrow {\sin ^2}A\sin 2B + {\sin ^2}B\sin 2A = {\sin ^2}C\cot g\frac{C}{2}\\
 \Leftrightarrow \frac{{1 - c{\rm{os}}2A}}{2}\sin 2B + \frac{{1 - c{\rm{os}}2B}}{2}\sin 2A = \sin C.2\sin \frac{C}{2}c{\rm{os}}\frac{C}{2}\frac{{c{\rm{os}}\frac{C}{2}}}{{\sin \frac{C}{2}}}\\
 \Leftrightarrow \frac{{\sin 2A + \sin 2B}}{2} - \frac{1}{2}\sin (2A + 2B) = \sin C(1 + \cos C)
\end{array}$
$\Leftrightarrow \sin (A + B)c{\rm{os}}(A - B) + \frac{1}{2}\sin 2C = \sin C(1 + \cos C)       (1)$
(chú ý  $2A + 2B + 2C = 2\pi  \Rightarrow \sin (2A + 2B) =  - \sin 2C$)
Vì vậy,($1$) tương đương   $\sin C\left[ {c{\rm{os}}(A - B) + \cos C} \right] = \sin C(1 + \cos C)$
       $\begin{array}{l}
 \Leftrightarrow c{\rm{os}}(A - B) + \cos C = 1 + \cos C(\sin C > 0)\\
 \Leftrightarrow c{\rm{os(A - B) = 1}}\\
 \Leftrightarrow A = B
\end{array}$
Từ đó suy ra $DPCM$
$2/$ ta có     $\frac{{1 + \cos B}}{{\sin B}} = \frac{{2a + c}}{{\sqrt {4{a^2} - {c^2}} }}$
      $\begin{array}{l}
 \Leftrightarrow \frac{{{{(1 + \cos B)}^2}}}{{(1 + \cos B)(1 - \cos B)}} = \frac{{{{(2a + c)}^2}}}{{(2a + c)(2a - c)}}\\
 \Leftrightarrow \frac{{1 + \cos B}}{{1 - \cos B}} = \frac{{2a + c}}{{2a - c}}
\end{array}$
     $ \Leftrightarrow 1 + \frac{{2\cos B}}{{1 - \cos B}} = 1 + \frac{{2c}}{{2a - c}}              (1)$
Từ đo theo định lý hàm số sin ta có
$(1) \Leftrightarrow \frac{{\cos B}}{{1 - \cos B}} = \frac{{\sin C}}{{2\sin A - \sin C}}$
$\begin{array}{l}
 \Leftrightarrow 2\sin A\cos B - \sin C\cos B = \sin C - \sin C\cos B\\
 \Leftrightarrow \sin (A + B) + \sin (A - B) = \sin C\\
 \Leftrightarrow \sin (A - B) = 0\\
 \Leftrightarrow A = B
\end{array}$
Ta có $DPCM$
$3/$ ta có    $\frac{{c{\rm{o}}{{\rm{s}}^2}A + c{\rm{o}}{{\rm{s}}^2}B}}{{{{\sin }^2}A + {{\sin }^1}B}} = \frac{1}{2}(\cot {g^2}A + \cot {g^2}B)$
       $\begin{array}{l}
 \Leftrightarrow \frac{{c{\rm{o}}{{\rm{s}}^2}A}}{{{{\sin }^2}A + {{\sin }^2}B}} - \frac{{c{\rm{o}}{{\rm{s}}^2}A}}{{2{{\sin }^2}A}} = \frac{{c{\rm{o}}{{\rm{s}}^2}B}}{{2{{\sin }^2}B}} - \frac{{c{\rm{o}}{{\rm{s}}^2}B}}{{{{\sin }^2}A + {{\sin }^2}B}}\\
 \Leftrightarrow \frac{{c{\rm{o}}{{\rm{s}}^2}A({{\sin }^2}A - {{\sin }^2}B)}}{{2{{\sin }^2}A({{\sin }^2}A + {{\sin }^2}B)}} = \frac{{c{\rm{o}}{{\rm{s}}^2}B({{\sin }^2}A - {{\sin }^2}B)}}{{2{{\sin }^2}B({{\sin }^2}A + {{\sin }^2}B)}}\\
 \Leftrightarrow ({\sin ^2}A - {\sin ^2}B)(\cot {g^2}A - \cot {g^2}B) = 0
\end{array}$
     $ \Leftrightarrow (\sin A - \sin B)(\sin A + \sin B)(\cot gA - \cot gB)(\cot gA + \cot gB) = 0  (1)$
Do trong mọi tam giác $ABC$ thì   $\sin A + \sin B > 0,\cot gA + \cot gB\# 0$
Do đó, $(1) \Leftrightarrow (\sin A - \sin B)(\cot gA - \cot gB) = 0$
      $ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l}
\sin A = \sin B\\
\cot gA = \cot gB
\end{array} \right. \Leftrightarrow A = B$
Ta có $DPCM$

4/ $tgA + 2tgB = tgAt{g^2}B$     
  $\Leftrightarrow tgA(1 - t{g^2}B) =  - 2tgB                             (1)$
Do $1 - t{g^2}B\# 0$( vì nếu trái lại thì $VT(1)=0,VP91)\neq 0$),nên
 $(1) \Leftrightarrow tgA = \frac{{ - 2tgB}}{{1 - t{g^2}B}}$
$ \Leftrightarrow tgA =  - tg2B                                           (2)$
Do trong moi tam giác thì $A>0,B>0$ ,nên
$(2) \Leftrightarrow A + 2B = \pi  \Leftrightarrow A + 2B = A + B + C \Leftrightarrow B = C$
Ta có $DPCM$


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