Chứng minh:
a) \(A(n)=4.3^{2n+2}+32n-36\) chia hết cho \(64\) với mọi \(n\in N\).
b) \(B(n)=16^{n}-15n-1\) chia hết cho \(225\) với mọi \(n\in N\)*.
a)    \(A(0)=4.3^{2}+32.0-36=0\) chia hết cho \(64\).

Giả sử \(A(k)=4.3^{2k+2}+32k-36\) chia hết cho \(64\).

Khi đó \(A(k+1)=4.3^{2k+4}+32(k+1)-36=4.3^{2}(3^{2k+2})+32k+32-36\)

\(=(4.3^{2k+2}+32k-36)+4.8.3^{2k+2}+32\)

\(=A(k)+32(3^{2k+2}+1)\)

Trong đó \(A(k)\vdots 64; 32(3^{2k+2}+1)  \vdots  64\) (\(  \vdots\) là kí hiệu chia hết, \(3^{2k+2}\) là số lẻ, \(3^{2k+2}+1\) là số chẵn, chia hết cho \(2\)).

Vậy \(A(k+1)  \vdots  64\).

b)    Với \(n=1, B(1)=16-15-1=0  \vdots  225\).

Giả sử \(B(k)=16^{k}-15k=1\) chia hết cho \(225\).

\(B(k+1)=16^{k+1}-15(k+1)-1=16.16^{k}-15k-16\)

\(=B(k)+15.16^{k}-15=B(k)+15(16^{k}-1)\).

Với \(k>1. 16^{k}-1=(16-1)(16{k-1}+16^{k-2}+…+1)  \vdots  15\)

Do đó \(15(16^{k}-1)  \vdots  225; B(k)  \vdots  225\), nên \(B(k+1)  \vdots  225\).

Mệnh đề đúng với mọi \(n\in N\)*

Thẻ

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